By Salai SH Lian
CSO, Malaysia Kum 10 Tlinnak Magazine caah tialmi capar a si.
Biadomhnak
Vawleipi le thanchonak tiah tlangtar a si ko nain, vawleipi nih a tuahmi thanchonak kongkau chung ah a thukpi in luh si lem loin, vawlei cung ramzakip phu chungtel an sinak United Nations (UN) nih vawlei thanchonak ah a tuah tuanmi kongkau zohchin in Chin Miphun hna dirhmun kha hi capar in a tawinak in ka vun tial. A tling in tial khawh ding a silo caah, cu bantuk thanchonak an tuahnak ah kan nih Chin Miphun tah zeitlukdah a kan phanh, zeitindah kan sining, dirhmun le tincomi vial in karhlan ning a si. A kan thathnem maw? timi pawl a tawinak in ka vun tial. Chin miphun le ram thanchonak caah rinhchanh dih awk a tha maw timi biahalnak in vun thok ko ning law! Nan ka leh dingmi cu a fiang ko. Cu biahalnak ruahchih bu in capar rel ding ah kan sawm. Vawleipi thancho tahnak in cun UNDP 2012 report ning ah Chin miphun 100 ah zatuak 75% tluk cu sifahnak rikhiahmi dirhmun a tang ah an um tiah an thanh. Sifak tiah tahnak ah an hmanmi cu nikhat ah USD $1.25 tluk nihlawh hmuhlo khi a si. Minung pakhat nih cu nikhat ah USD $1.25 hmuh khawh ding cu UN Millennium Development Goals (hi-hnu-in; MGDs) ah rak chiahmi a si. MGDs cu zeidah a si, zeitluk in dah Chin miphun thanchonak lam a phanhpi? Chin miphun kan dirhmun tah zeidah a lawh? A tanglei ah fiang deuh in vun zoh hna u sih;
Vawleipi Thanchonak Hmuitinh;
(MDGs Pre-2015 le SDGs Post-2015)
Vawlei cung pumpi nih kum 1990s a dih lai ah, hmailei karhlannak caah tiah Kum 2000 a tlin kum thok in hnatlaknak ngeihmi Thanchonak Hmuitinh- Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) timi vawlei cung ramzakip nih sifah lehpeknak (extreme poverty) doh ding ah biakhiah lungtlinnak rak ngeihmi a si. An i timhmi Sifah lehpeknak cu tangka hmuhmi tlawm tuknak (income poverty) a si caah thanchoter ding le rawlei ding ngeihlonak siloah pawtamnak (hanger) um lo in tuah ding. Cun, zawtnak (disease) a bikin HIV/AIDS zawtnak karhlo ding in khamnak le umnak hmun tha ngeihlonak (lack of adequate shelter), nu le pa tlukruannak kong chimrelnak le fianternak (promoting gender equality), fimcawnnak (education) kong ah vawlei cung hngakchia poah nih tangniamrun tal cawnnak ngeih hrimhrim ding. Culawng hlah, a hmunmi pawngkam kilven zohkhennak (environmental sustainability) a thancho khawhnak hnga tuanti ding in hnatlak lungtlinnak an rak ngeihmi a si. Hi vialte hi 2015 ah tlinter dih ding tiah vawleipi cozah lawng siloin cozah a silomi phu pawl nih September 2000 rak thok ding in timhmi biakhiahnak a si.
Cucu a tlamtlin khawhnak ding United Nations (UN) hruainak in vawleipi cozah hna he siseh, mipi dirhmi bu (civil society organizations) le a dangdang riantuan hawi he zuam cuahmahmi a si. MDGs a tlamtlin khawhnak ding ah an cawlcangh in tehcawl thluahmah lio ah 2015 nih a hun phanh chih i, a dih lei a phan cang. Cucaah, UN chungtel ram vialte nih MDGs lawng siloin a dang zeitindah a hmunmi thanchonak lei ah kar kan hlan lai tiah September 2015 ah thla dongh ah hmuitinh thar lungtlinnak an vun ngeih than cang.
UN Millennium Development Goals cu September 2015 tiang rak hmuitinhmi ahcun a cunglei i langhter cangmi pariat (8) a rak si nain, atu ah hmuitinh thar 17 he phun dang deuh in a hmunmi thanchonak hmuitinh (Sustainable Development Goals) tiah a hnatlaknak an ngei than cang. Cucu, September 25, 2015 ah UN chungtel ram vialte nih hmuitinh 17 he hnatlaknak an ngeih cu a si. Hi hmuitinh vialte cu kum 15 chung ah tlamtling ding in tuan chuah ding ah hnatlaknak an ngeihmi a si. September 2015 tiang ah an itimhmi leng in a hung tam deuh ngai. Atu ah UN chungtel ram vialte nih an i timhmi cu 2030 tiang pehzulh in tuan chuak ding a si. Amahbelte, MDGs cu a tlamtling cang i, kan thangcho cang caah kan ngolh cang lai tiah biakhiahnak tuah siloin thanchonak cu tuah ding le tlangtlak ding vialte tam lak kan tuah cang caah atu cu a hmunmi thanchonak hmuitinh lei ah zeitindah karhlannak kan ngeih lai i kan tuan chuak lai timi timhnak thar a si.
Cu a hmunmi thanchonak hmuitinh ah lungtlinnak an ngeihmi cu;
1. Sifahnak umlo ding (No Poverty)
2. Tamhalnak umlo ding (No Hunger)
3. Ngandamnak tha le nun nuamhnak (Good Health and Well-being),
4. Fimcawnnak tha (Quality Education)
5. Nupa tlukruannak (Gender Equality)
6. Dinti le hmunhma thianhlimnak (Clean water and sanitation)
7. Fawi le thianghlim in hman khawhmi meitha (Affordable and Clean Energy)
8. Zaran hlawhfa rian le nuncan thanchonak (Decent Work and Economic Growth)
9. Seh riantuannak, thilthar chuahnak, lam le sul, hmunhma thanchonak (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure)
10. Tlukruanlonak zorter ding (Reduce Inequalities)
11. Ahmunmi khualipi le ihawikomhnak (Sustainable Cities and Communities),
12. A hmunmi le tuanvo lami thilri chuahnak le hmannak (Responsible Consumption and Production),
13. Khuati zohkhenhnak (Climate Action)
14. Rili tang khuasaknak kongkau (Life Below Water)
15. Vawlei a cung ah pawngkam he remte in khuasak nunnak (Life on Land),
16. Remdaihnak, Dinfelnak, Felfaimi le thawngmi suttung uknak le hruainak (Peace, Justice and Strong Institution) le
17. Hmuitinh tlamtling khawhnak caah pethlaih bawmhchannak (Partnership for the Goals) tiah A hmunmi thanchonak timhmi 17 ah hnatlaknak vawleipi nih an ngeih than.
Hi timhmi 17 tawifiang deuh in kan vun langhter ahcun; vawlei cung hmun zakip ah sifahnak hrimihrim um lo ding, tamhalnak um lo in rawl kong ah thinphan thlalaunak um lo ding. A hmunmi cintlak ningcang karhter le eidin thanchoter ding. A hohmanh thleidannak um lo in, ngandam tein nun khawhnak ding caah le a nuammi chungkhar sinak thanchoter ding. Ahopoah nih a thami fimcawnnak ah ngah khawhnak le tel khawhnak nawlngeih ding. Cun, Nun chung fimcawn khawhnak hmunhma a hopoah nih ngah kho ding in thanchoter ding tbk. pumpak nunnak kongkau a tel. Nupa tlukruannak ngah khawhnak le Nu le hngakchia nu vialte thanchoter ding tbk. pawl a tel leng ah pawngkam zohkhen, kilvennak ding siseh, a hmunmi vawlei hman ning cang, ramlak le tupi hualnak le tlang le ti ah tlonglengmi saram an tlaudih thluahmahnak doh in ngolter ding tiang a tel fawn. Cun, a donghnak lei ah, cozah ah siseh, mibu cawlcanghnak ah siseh, ahopoah nih awaan an ngeih khawhnak hnga ding caah teltum khawhnak ding in sersiam ding pawl an si.
Vawleipi Thanchonak Tah Ning In Zeitlukdah A Than (MDGs 2015 Report)
MDGs 2015 report ning ah sifah lehpeknak (extreme poverty) cu tamlakte a tla cang, kan thangcho tiah thanhnak an tuah. Kum 1990 ah cun Vawleipi a buaktlak a bik in a thangcho liomi ram ah zatuak 47% tluk cu nikhat ah $1.25 nak tlawm hlawh in an nung nain kum 2015 ah cun zatuak 14 % tluk a zor cang tiah an than. Vawleipi ning in sifak milurel zoh tik ah, 1990s ah a minung in a tlawm bik Nuaithong 1.9 (Billion) tluk a rak sinain, 2015 ahcun Nuai 836 (Million) tluk ah a tum tiah report ah an tial. Hi thanchonak hi a bik in kum 2000 ahkhan a rang bik tiah an ti. Cun, Nu hngakchia sianginn kailomi zorternak zong ah a thangcho ngaingai. 2000 kum ah Nuai 100 tluk siangkailomi an rak si nain kum 2015 ahcun nuai 57 an a tla cang. Literacy rate timi kum 15-24 kar carel khotu zat tahnak zong ah zatuak 83% in 91% ah a kai. Nu le Pa karlak i dannak zong tamlakte a thangcho cang. Nupa tlukruannak zong ah kan thangcho an ti. 1995 thok in Nu ramkhel ah a telmi zong an vun tam i, zatuak 90% tluk in a tam cang. Cun, 1990-2000 kum ah hngakchia thihlonak zong tamlakte a zor cang. Nule nau hrinnak kong zong ah fawi deuh in le thilohnak a tlawm lawng siloin nau an ngeih lio ah nau ngeihternak lei a thiammi nih an umpi deuh cang. Cun, zawtnak a bikin HIV/AIDS dohnak zong ah zatuak 40% tluk in 2000-2013 kar ah an rengh (control) khawh tiah report ah an tial.
Cun, pawngkam zohkhenhnak le dinti thiang kong ah 2000 kum thok in Nuaithong 1.9 (Billion) nih dinti thiang an ngah cang. A dang thancho bawmhnak pekmi ah 2000-2014 kar ah zatuak 66 % tluk a karh i a tangka fang in Nuaithong $135.2 (Billion) tluk a phan. Kanmah Chin miphun karlak zong ah fiang ngai in hun theih khawhmi cu Mobile hmannak hi a si. Globe Internet Penetration an ti i vawoleipi maivan hmannak ah, 2000 kum ah cun vawleipi zatuak 6% lawng nih Interenet an rak hman. Nain, Kum 2015 kan phanh tik ah, zatuak 43% tluk in a karh. MDGs report ning in 2015 ah, vawleipi milurel zatuak 95 % tluk nih mobile-cellular an hman cang. A bik in a luan ciami kum 15 chung ah a rang khun i a milu in cun 2000 kum ah nuai 738 (Million) in 2015 ah cun nuaithong 7 (Billion) ning nawn in hman a si cang tiah an thanh.
Chin Miphun Dirhmun
Cu bantuk a hmunmi thanchonak caah hnatlaknak an ngeihmi zeitindah a tlamtlin khawh lai tiah vawleipi nih an khan cuahmah liopi ah kan nih kan ram tah zei dirhmun ah dah a um timi hun ruah ahcun lungfak a si ko. A cunglei ah langhter cang bantukin, UNDP nih hlathlainak ripawt 2012 an chuahmi ah Kawlram cu sifakbik ah a tel. Cu sifak bik ram chung ah Chin Ramkulh cu sifak bik tiah UNDP nih report a chuahmi ah a tel i, fimcawnnak ah a niam bik chang a si. Rakhine ramkulh telawng a teimi a si. Atu kum ah harnak kan ton chapmi cu kokek rawhralnak nih a chuahpi mi nih Chin ramkulh ah khualipi Hakha le Palettwa cu fak taktak in a den. Hakha cu umnak hmun ah a tha tilo dingmi Sang le Veng tiang a hung um. Kokek rawhralnak ruang ah Chin ramkulh zeitluk in dah a rawh timi cu chimchap haulo in careltu pumpak nih theih dihmi le hngalh dih ciami a si ko caah tampi ka langhter lai lo.
Cucaah, vawleipi nih vawleipi ramzakip huap in thanchonak an rel cuahmah ko na buin kanmah kan Chin miphun le Chin ram caah duhning tlukin an riantuannak le an hmalaknak dengdeo (direct) in a um tuk lo. Cucu al awk a tha lomi a si. Nain, a hlan tein theih bikmi cu; Hakha sangkip hngakhcia nih rak chim tawnmi Tithen nak kongah tahchunnak lak ahcun, Khah! Kawi ti ka than lai tiah chim sawhsawh siloin, Khah! Kawi, Zunisef (UNICEF) ti ka than lai tiah rak ti a si. Cucu, Ti an rak thannak cu UN thanchonak tang ah rak sermi dinti khua chung an phanhter mi a si. A tu ahcun a tam chinchin cang. Khuapi lawng siloin khua te ah, UNDP Ti, UNDP Zunput, UNDP Mei, tbk. tiah auhnak hmun le a dangdang zong a um liang luang cang. Cun, a dang thancho tahnak ah an hmanmi vawleipi Mobile le Internet pehtlaihnak zong ah mithmuh le kuttongh in a hun thangcho. A thleng liangluang ko. Chim ding le rel ding a tam len ko lai. Nain, biahalnak a ummi bel cu a sifak bik, a tamhal bik, tbk. in a herh bik sin ah a phan le phanhlo cu dang khat a si rih hnga. Chin miphun le ram a thanchonak le thancholonak ah a tampi tialchap tiloin careltu pumpak nih na hun ruahchap in zeidah a bau timi kherhhlainak na tuah ding ah kan sawm.
Biadonghnak
Cucaah, hi bantukin bawmhnak a um um ko zong ah a pelpawite khi a si. Chin miphun le Chin ram caah khuakhannak a um ko zong ah tingcotu ding taktak a simi Chinmi sin a phanh hlan ah nawlngeitu Kawl sin ah a phan i, anmah nih an tawlrelmi tang ah a phan thiamthiam. Cucu a leng in bawmhnak hmuhmi zong siseh, a chung in hmuhmi zong siseh, duhning tein tuah khawh le tuan khawh a si lo. Chin ram thangcho ding tlukin a thangcho kho lo. A ruang tampi a um ko lai, nain atu ah a thar in vun langhter ka duhmi cu vawleipi nih thanchonak kongkau ah timhlamhnak cu ngei ko lai, Kawl cozah zong nih thanchonak, thlennak caah timhlamhnak cu ngei ko hmanhsehlaw, kanmah Chin miphun nih Chinram a thanchonak caah timhlamhnak kan ngeih ve lo ahcun, kan duhning tlukin kan thangcho bal lai lo. A tuantu le tawlreltu ah kan i tel a hau. Khuakhannak ah Chin miphun chung in mifim tampi kan herh, a tuannak ah kan herh, tlangtlatu kan herh, tawlreltu kan herh. Kan herhnak hmun le hma a tam hringhran. Cucaah, vawlei cung ram zakip a ummi Chin miphun, a bik in mino nih zeidah kan i timhtuahnak a si. Ram chung a ummi nih zeidah kan tuah khawh, ram leng a ummi nih zeidah kan tuah khawh, a dang men lai. Nain, tuah ding le tuan ding cu a tam hringhran. UN nih cun vawleipi thanchonak ding caah kum 2030 ca tiang timhlamhnak an ngeih cang. Vawlei cung khuazakip, ram kip, hmun kip ah a ummi Chin miphun nih tah Chin Ram a thanchonak hnga ding caah zeidah timhlamhnak kan ngeih? Zeidah timhlamhnak ka ngeih? Zeidah timhlamhnak na ngeih?
Reference;
1. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs); Maivan zohnak <http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Host.aspx?Content=Indicators/About.htm>
2. The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015; Maivan zohnak < http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Resources/Static/Products/Progress2015/English2015.pd>
3. UN Sustainable Development Goals; Maivan zohnak <https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/topics>
Salai SH Lian
October 3, 2015
Catialtu Kong; Salai SH Lian (Sang Hnin Lian) cu Pu Chan Zam le Pi Biak Hnem (tleicia) fapa upa bik a si. Kalay University in a dih hnu ah, India ram Delhi University ah Political Science in B.A., (Hons.) Degree a lak chap. Atu ah Norwegian Scholarship (Norway Cozah Bawmhnak) in Thailand ram Mahidol University ah MA in Human Rights (International Program) a cawng cuahmahmi le The Chinland Post ah Editor-in-Charge tuanvo in tekcawl cuahmahmi a si. Pehtlaihnak; salailian4all@gmail.com
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