Biadomhnak
Zaukphung (Democracy) biafang hi Greek biafang in a rami a si. Demos le Kratos in a rami a si; a hamsa biafang i suallam cu Mizapi (people) tinak a si i, a hnu deuh biafang hi Aanaa- Nawlngaihnak (Power) tinak a si. A fawinak in Zaukphung nih a sawh duhmi/suallam cu Mizapi hna i Nawlngeihmi tinak a si (Power of the People). Cucaah Zaukphung ah cun Mizapi hna nih Direct in a silo ah Aiawhthlah (indirect) in Mizapi nih anmahte in hruainak a cozah uknak phung a si. Mizapi nih anmah hruaitu ding kha lungtlingte in thim i cu thimmi nih cun Mizapi hna duhning khan hruai ding a si. Ramuknak le ramkhel (Politics) kong cawnnak ah cun Zaukphung a suallam cu a phunphun in a um ko lai. Asinain, Greek khua i an rak hmanmi le an thokmi Zaukphung cu Mizapi nih hruaimi a cozah kha a si ko. Asinain, Aristotle, Greek mifimpa nih cun a thatnak zong a um ko lai nain, uknak phung vialte lak ah a tha bik cu a si lo, cun, "Lungput le ruahnak a pialmi a siloah ningcang a silomi" Uknakphung tiah a rak ruah. Zaukphung ah cun cozah hruaitu a silomi hna i an thawnnak cu Mizapi hna sin ah a bung in a um tiah tuanbia cawnnak ah thiamsang a simi Greek mifimpa Herodotus nih cun a ti. Cun, US- Ramhun Abraham Lincoln nih cun " Mizapi hna i a cozah, Mizapi hna in acozah le Mizapi hna caah a cozah" tiah a ti. Cachimtu Seeley nih cun Zaukphung ah cun a mi zeimanh nih tinvo le covo, tuanvo, le iteltum khawhnak, tbk..., an ngeihnak uknakphung a si a ti. A cung lei i kan langhtermi Zaukphung a suallam hna hi kan zoh a si ahcun a zapite in a thami le a biapimi lawngte an si dih men lai lo. An i dannak zong a um liangluang ko men lai! Asinain, a tawinak in kan chim a si ahcun, Zaukphung cu a cozah i a sang bik nawlngeihnak cu Mizapi kut a um i, Mizapi cu Rampi i nawlngainak sang bik an si zia kha faingte in a langhter. Zeiruang ah tiah cun, Rampi hruainak ah Mizapi nih direct asiloah aiawhtu (representative) thlah in i uknakphung a si. Cucaah, Zaukphung cu Mizapi tamdeuh duhnak in hruaimi uknak phung a si kan ti khawh. Mizapi tam deuh duhnak in hruaimi uknak phung a si ko nain Mitlawm u duhnak kha a hlaw hlei lomi uknak phung a si fawn.
Zaukphung Thenning
Zaukphung cu phun hnih (2) in kan then khawh; 1) Direct le 2) Aiawhthlah (Indirect or Representative) Zaukphung an si.
Direct Democracy: Direct Zaukphung cu Mizapi nih bupi he a pehtlaimi rian kongkau ah karlakah zeihmanh umlomi direct in an duhnak an langhternak phun cozah a si. Mibu meeting ah Mizapi nih phung an ser. Cubantuk tonnak in Mizapi hna nih anmah i hruainak kongkau ah karlak pehtlaitu asiloah aiawhtu mi zeihmanh umlo tein an ruahnak an langhternak kha a thiangmi a silo ah direct Zaukphung cu a si. A sang bikmi nawlngaihnak kha Mizapi hna nih direct in ahohmanh aiawhtu minung (representative) in i tello in a sang bik ngawlngaihnak an hman khawhnak uknak phung a si tiah Hearnshaw nih a ti. Direct Zaukphung cu kha hlan Greek khua ah an rak thok. Cun, India zong ah Direct Zaukphuhg hi Vajji Sangha, Buddhist chan lio ah hin kan rak hmuh khawh. Atu ah cun Ram le Mizapi hna hmunkhat ah tampi in um a si cang caah Direct Democracy hi hman khawh a si tilo. Direct Zaukphung cu Mizapi an dihlakte in Ram uknak kongkau khuakhannak ah an i tel khawh dihnak phung a si. Cu bantuk phung cu atu Switzerland ram lawng ah kan hmuh khawh cang. Cuhnacu; Appenzell, Unterwanlden le Glarus an si.
Aiawhthlah Zaukphung- (Indirect or Representative Democracy): Aiawhtu thlah in hruainak Zaukphung ah cun Ram caah Mizapi nih direct in anmahte in thil pipa biakhiahnak tuahnak le ralringte in ruah le ceih ciammamnak kha tuah loin Aiawhtu an thimmi hna nih khan Mizapi lung tlinnak/duhning in khuakhaan i hruaimi uknak phung a si. Cubantuk phung ah cun Mizapi Aiawhtu cheukhat hna nih cozah nawlngeitu kha caan kar caah Mizapi nih thimnak in an tlaih. Cubantuk thimnak cu kum4, kum5 ah voikhat in an um i Mizapi Aiawhtu hna cu thlen than lengmang an si.
Cubantuk cozah cu kum zabu hleisarih lio (17th Century) ah England ram ah a rak thok. France ram ah 1830 le Italy ram ah 1978 kum hna ah an rak hman. A voikhatnak Ralpi a dih in Weimer phunghrampi zulh in Germany ram ah an rak thok ve. Cu hnu ah a voihnihnak Ralpi a dih in West Germany ram an hman. Nihin kan vawlei ah Ram Thangcho tampi hna cu hi Aiawhthlah (Indirect or Representative) Zaukphung an zul. Cu hna cu, Japan, Sri Lanka, India, Canada, Australai, New Zealand, the United States of America, West Germany, Italy, France, Holland, Denmark, Swedan, Norway, Austria le Belgium hna an si.
Kum 2010 Thimnak le Kawlram Bupi Aiawhthlah Zaukphung
Atulio kan nih Kawlram Bupi cu kan theih dih bantukin aiawhthlah in i hruainak Paliman Zaukphung a si. Asinain, ram tampi he a lawhlonak cu Paliman Zaukphung a siko nain, Prime Minister hruainak phung hmang lo in, US bantukin President hruainak phung in kan kal. US ihruainak he a khat maw tiah cun a khahnak zong a tampi a um hnga nain a khatlonak a tam tuk i Kum 2010 ram pumpi thimnak hnu President Thein Sein Cozah hruainak in atu October thla in cun Kum 3 le thla 7 leng kan kal cang. A cozah thar nih an sikhawh chung in thlennak tete tuah khawh an i zuam. A bik in phunghrampi remhna kong ah siseh, tlangcung hriamtlai phu he kahngolnak tuah, ramkhel ruang ah thongtlaimi chuahternak in an sikhawh chung cu an i zuam ve. Asinain, Phunghrampi remhthannak ding kong le Tlangcung hriamtlai phu he kahngolnak kong ah zeihmah chuak lak in an tuah khawhmi a um rih lo. Nain, Kawlram Bupi sining le dirhmun a thleng maw ti ahcun fakpi le tam ngai in a thleng ko. A Chim-cawk le rel-cawk khi a si hnga lo. Asinain, hi thlennak cu ralkap Cozah nih “Hi vial in va si te seh” tiah an rak suaisam ciami longte kha a si. A tawinak in, 2010 Thimnak le 2012 Caankar Thimnak kan ngeihnak in a chuakmi Hluttaw thawng in Aiawhthlah Zaukphung kan si ve tiah i ruah khawh a si hnga. Zeiruang ah tiah cun, Kawlram Bupi zong ah Pyithu Hluttaw le Amyotha Hluttaw tiah pahnih a um ve cang. Pyithu Hluttaw ah milurel tlawmtam le Myoney zat in MP thlah a si. Hi zawn ahcun Zaukphung hruainak in kum caan saupi a kal cangmi India nak in Ramkulh pawl tlukruannak ‘equality’ a um deuh. Amyotha Hluttaw cu Ramkulh poahnih MP (12) cio thlah a si. Milu tlawmtam nih lai a rel tilo. Hihi ramkulh pakhat le pakhat ramkhelrian ah iruannak ‘political equality’ a hun umnak a si. Nain, ruahawk a ummi cu, Kawlram Bupi ah cun Rampi Palimen in Ramkulh Palimen tiang Ralkap an thu ve i Tlangcungmi bantukin Kawlmi nih Pengthen tampi an i ngeihmi nih Rampi Hluttaw ah mitam deuh a siter thiamthiam hna. Cun, Hluttaw ah aiawhthlahmi (MPs) cu kan ngei nain thil an tuah kho taktak maw timi cu biahalnak a dang pakhat a si?
Zaukphung Muru (Basic Principles of Democracy)
Luatnak (Liberty): Zaukphung i a biapi bik hrampi a simi cu luatnak siloah zalonnak (Liberty) le pakhat le pakhat itlukruannak (Equality) an si. Mizapi nih Zaukphung uknak ahcun a sang bikmi luatnak le itlukruannak kha nuam le tlingte in an tin co. Great Britain ram ah cun, an rampi ihruainak ah buaibainak pakhat khat an ton sual tikah Ram hruaitu lutlaitu bik (Prime Minister) nih a mah a dotu/ralkah (opposition) a simi hruaitu lutlaitu bik a ton i ruahnak hna a hal. Asinain, Siangpahrang uknak phung (Monarchy), Hramhram uknak phung (Dictatorship) hna ah cun zeibantuk a biapi mi caan hmanh ah Mizapi le dotu/ralkah party a simi cu chimrel khawhnak zalonnak ngeih a si lo.
Tlukruannak (Equality): Zaukphung i a biapitnak bik pakhat a simi cu pakhat le pakhat itlukruannak (Equality) hi a si. Rian a san deuh ruang ah siseh, biaknak ruang ah siseh, hrinsor le phun ruang ah siseh, nu le pa sinak in siseh i dan ruang ah Mizapi cung ah zeihmanh thleidannak a um lo. Culawng siloin, mi zeihmanh ram phungphai (Laws) hmai ah ikhah dih a si i, a hohmanh duhsak deuhmi um a si fawn lo. Zatlang nun ikhahnak a biapit tlukte in pumpak tthanchonak le ramrian tuannak ah pakhat le pakhat ikhahnak silo ah itlukruannak hi a biapi tukmi a si. Pumpak tthanchonak i Mizapi sirumnak le sifahnak ikhahnak a um ttung lo ahcun ramrian le zatlang nun itlukruannak cu pakpalawng an si.
Fraternity: Zaukphung uknak cu daite in ihruainak hmunhma lawng ah a tam bik tlam a tling. Culawng siloin a buaibaimi pawngkam ahcun ping a su. Curuang ah vawlei cung i Zaukphung uknak in a hruaimi hna nih vawlei pumpi chung ah deihnak caah heh tiah an izuam.
Mizapi Nawlngeihnak Asangbik: Zaukphung uknak ah cun a sang bik le a donghnak bik nawlngeihnak cu Mizapi kut cung ah a um i a cozah nih cu nawlngeihnak (Aanaa) cu Mizapi sinin a lak. Hi bantuk ruang ah hin kum 4, kum 5 voikhat in Zaukphung in aa hruaimi hna ram ah cun i thimnak a um hi a si. Cu thimnak ah cun Mizapi nih an duhmi kha zalongte in thim khawhnak nawl an ngei i, an duh lomi hruaitu kha zalongte in thlaknak nawl an ngei. Cu thimnak cu a thianghlimmi thimnak a si.
Ahrampi le Biapi a simi Minung Covo: Zaukphung uknak phung in ihruainak ahhin a hrampi le biapi (muru) a simi cu Minung Covo kha ram Mizapi nih tlukruangte in an ngeih. Cu bantuk Covo a umlonak ahcun pumpak tthanchonak caah thil har tuk a si. Vawlei cung ram tampi ah cun an phunghrampi nih cu bantuk a biapi le a hrampi a simi Minung Covo (Fundamental rights) kha a pek. Tahchunnak ah, USA, Japan, India, France le Italy hna ah cun an phunghrampi nih tthate in Covo cu thate in a kilven.
Zalongmi Biaceihnak (Independence of Judiciary): A tthawngmi le zalongte in biaceihnak nawl a ngei khomi biaceih zung (Judicial) le cu nih cun Mizapi hna covo (fundamental rights) kilven khawh kha a rian a si. Zaalongmi Beiceihnak cu a fawinak in, tanhhlei a ngeilomi a sinak kha a langhter duhmi a si. India ram ah cun Supreme Court le High Court nih an ram pumpi phunghrampi (constitution) le ram minung Covo (fundamental rights) kha a kilven.
Mizapi Bawmtu Cozah (Welfare State): Zaukphung uknak cu Mizapi hna i an herhmi caah cozah nih a herhmi bawmhnak pek kha a si. Cu bantuk bawmhchanhnak ah cun a hohmanh zoh hlei le pek hlei um lote in a ukmi cozah a si. Thleidannak a um lomi uknak phung a si. Welfare State hi kum zabu hleikua (19th century) hrawng ah aa thok mi a si cang nain 2008 kum vawilei cung i chawhleh-chawhrawlnak lei a tlak hnu in biatakte in a tthangchomi a si.
Zaukphung Muru le Kawlram Bupi Zaukphung Thlennak
Kan nih Kawlram Bupi ah tah zalongmi le Mizapi nawlngeihnak in ram pumpi thimnak cu tuah a si taktak maw? Kan theih dihmi a si ko! A fiangte in kan chim khawhmi cu a luanciami Kum 2010 Rampumpi Thimnak kha cu zakhat ah zakhat zalongmi le a thiamhlimmi thimnak a rak si lo. Ralkap Cozah nih anmah duhmi hruaitu an chuah khawhnak hnga ding caah anmah duhningte in rak tuahmi thimnak a si. A sikun ah, Kum 2010 thimnak hnu lawng in Zaukphung uknak kan hmang tiah ruah sisehlaw, a ralaimi caah Kum 2015 ah Zalongmi le Thianghlimmi Thimnak cu a si kho kun lai maw? Thimnak tah tuah a si taktak lai maw? Thimnak tuahnak kong bel ahcun Rampumpi Thimnak Lutlai nih kan tuah ko lai tiah atu thla (october) chung ah a chim. Kum 2015 Thianhlim le Zolongmi Thimnak kong ah vun zoh kun usih, Kawlram Bupi chung ah NLD le 88 Siangngakchia Phu nih 2008 Phunghrampi remhnak ding caah heh tiah lunglaknak an tuah ko bu ah zeihmanh biaphi a chuak lo. Lung a nuam lem lomi cu “Suu Kyi President a si khawhnak a khamtu pohmah 59(F) hi a ningte in chiah siseh”, tiah Phunghram Zohthantu Komiti nih an ripawt ah an thil chihmi bia kha a si i milung zong a hrinter. Hi thil nih a fiantermi cu USDP hruaitu ngan hna chungah "Suu Kyi President a si ding a kham duh bakmi an um” ti cu a lang bak cang. 2008 Phunghrampi Hi Remhkhawh A si Maw timi ah ka langhter cang bantukin, thil a pawi ngaimi cu: USDP MP pakhat te nih thimfung a pek duh lo ahcun “59(F) Pohmah” hi remh khawh a si lai lo, ding khi a si. Zeicatiah thimfung a herhmi Hluttaw 75% civilian MP a tlin ti lai lo caah. USDP lawng siloin NUP le NLD in a chuakmi NDF MP pawl an bia le hla ngaih zong nih lai a rel ve fawn. A duhlo lei in a thla ding zong an um len kho men. Cun, MP dihlak 75% (USDP le NUP telin) nih an va thohkhan dih hnuah Ralkap MP thimfung pakhat tal kan herh rih hoi. Hihi a poi mi a si! A cunglei in fialnak a umlo an ti ahcun zeihmanh tuah khawh a si hoi lai lo. Hi vialte a dih hnu ah Rampumpi Lunglaknak “Referendum” a va hau rih. 2008 Phunghrampi remh ding le Pi Suu a dawnkhantu pohmah remh ding hi cu thil fawi cu a si hrim lo. 2015 Rampumpi Thimnak tuah tikah Suu Kyi kum 70 a tling lai. 2020 Thimnak ah cun kum 75 a si cang lai. Cucaah a zoh a chia le chia lo kha ruat tuk lem loin "President si ka duh" tiah dengteo tein a chim lengmang ko; a khamtu pohmah remh kong kha pawpi nam in a nampi hna. A fawinak in kan chim ahcun, hi vialte dawnkhantu hi atulio Ralkap-Mizapi doklo cozah nih hin thlen a duh ahcun phut tiah ti khawh khi a si ko i anmah kut cung ahkhin a hngatmi cu a si ko. Cucu, anmah ah a hngat komi thlennak an tuah duh hramhram lo a si ahcun Pi Suu Kyi nih fakpi in a dirpi vemi thlennak le remhnak a si tik ah a ralaimi kum 2015 Thimnak hi a thianghlimmi le zolongmi a silo tiah duhlo in a um khawh sual men i hnuzul zong 2010 bantuk in an um phum kho. Cucu Kawlram caah thiltha a si tuk lem lo i ttih a nungmi cu Mizapi nih zalonnak tlawmpalte kan tehmi kha hmang in 1988 le 2007 bantuk tisa tlokin kan tlawh sual ahcun "State Emergency" timi min putin "Ralkap kutah uknak kan pek ?han cang", tiah an thanh khawh pengmi hi a si. Cucaah, kum 2015 Thimnak hlan ah phunghrampi remhnak le remhlonak nih lai tampi a rel bantuk in, thimnak va um hmanhsehlaw Mizapi nih anmah duhmi hruaitu thimnak nawl zalongte le thianghlimte in an ngeihnak kha a Zaukphung ihruainak ah biapimi a si.
Cun, Biaceihnak kong ah a luanciaminak in cun thlennak tete a um nain zalong taktak mi cu a si rih lo. Kawlram ah President nih Hluttaw (Parliament) hnatlaknak in Supreme Court (Biaceih Zung Sangbik) minung zat leng ah Supreme Court Chief Judges pawl a thim. Hluttaw nih alnak (reject) nawl le, pawm khawhnak nawl a ngeih. Hnatlak hnu ah President nih fawite in a phuah kho ti lo. Hluttaw pawmpi in phuah kho a si nain Hluttaw MP cheuthum cheuhnih hlatlakpi a hau. Cun, kan cozah hi Mizapi bawmchantu (welfare state) he cun a hlat ngaingai rih fawn. A tuah ding a simi a tuah khawh rihlomi a tam luangluang rih! Nordic ram Sweden, Norway le Denmark bantukin Mizapi a bawmchantu si khawhnak lam cu a hla ko rih. A bik in zawfah zohkhenhnak le nitin pawcawmnak koko hmanh hi Mizapi caah tlukruangte le thate a ti kho lo.
Zaukphung Hlawhtlinnak Le Tlinlonak
Mifimlo le cathiamlo tamnak ah Zaukphung ihruainak hi tlam a tling tawn lo. Zeicatiah, Mizapi nih ramrian ah i fiannak a tlawm caah a si. Curuang ah Mizapi nih ramrian kong i fian hi Zaukphung hlawhtlinnak ah a biapi tuk mi a si. Cun, Mizapi hna nih ram caah ipekchannak, zangfahnak lungthin, mah pumpak calawng ruahlonak, dinfelnak ngeih (discipline), phukhat le phukhat ikawmh thiamnak, pawl hi Mizapi nih an ngeih khawh a hau. A sikhawh chung in fimthiamnak hi manlo in cawnkhawhnak tuah a hau i mirum le sifak thleidannak umlote in a hopaoh nih cawn khawh ding hi Zaukphung hlawhtlin khawhnak ding ah a biapi mi thil an si. Zaukphung hlawhtlin khawhnak ding ahcun Mizapi nih zeibantuk covo (Rights) le tuanvo le tuahding (Duties) kan ngeih tihi i hngalh a hau. Cun, Mizapi nih Ramrian kong ah zeidah harnak le tthatnak kan ton ti kha hngalh peng a hau fawn. Cubantuk hngalhnak le theihnak cu cawnnak le ttha tein kherhlainak lawng in a ra kho. Cucaah Mizapi hna pumpak fimthiamnak hi Zaukphung hlawntlinnak ah a biapi tuk mi pakhat a si.
Cun, zalongte in chimrel khawhnak le duhnak langhter khawhnak (freedom of speech and expression), zalongte in duhthim rianttuan khawhnak (freedom of profession), zalongte in biak khawinak (freedom of religion), zalongte in bu dirh khawhnak (freedom to form association) nawl hna hi Zaukphung i a nunnak hrampi a muru taktak an si. Zaukphung cozah nih zalongte in catialnak le chimrel khawhnak hi a khenkham lo. Cucaah, Zaukphung cu ruahnak le pawmning tampi langhternak le i elnak kha zalawnnak a pek.
Zaukphung Hlawhtlinnak & Tlinlonak Le Kawlram Bupi Zaukphung Thlennak
Zaukphung a hlawntlin khawhnak ding ah President Thein Sein cozah nih zei ngaingai Mizapi caah fimchimhnak le theihkauhnak a tuahmi mithmuh le kuttongh in chimrel ding a um lem rih lo. Cun, ramkhelrian kong ah zei ngaingai chimfianhnak an ngeihnak zong a um lo. Amahbelte a cozah riantuantu tiah kan rak auh tawnmi hna kha, Mizapi caah riantuantu (Civil Servants) tiah thlennak a tuah i Mizapi tampi lung a fimter khawh ve men. Cun, ram dang he tahchun ah fimthiamnak manlo cawnkhawhnak kong ah zei ngaingai a phi chuak lak in a tuahmi a um rih fawn lo. Cun, Mizapi zalongte zawng parathlei an lawhnak tampi a um. Cucu, President chimmi Ralkap nih zulh duhlo, le Hluttaw nih zulh duh lo ti phun khi an si. Cun, zalongte in chimrel khawhnak le duhnak langhter khawhnak, zalongte in biak khawinak, zalongte in bu dirh khawhnak Zaukphung acozah nih zalongte in catialnak le chimrel khawhnak hi a khenkham lo nain, kanmah Chin Ramkulh Cozah nih a ramkulh chung cahuak a phihmi October 2014 in cun phu 4 an si cang. Cun, a cozah nih tanhhleimi Biaknak a chiah ruang ah, biaknak dang a simi he buainak a chuak. A bik in Muslim le Kawl Buddhist biaknak karlak ah a chuak kun. Cun, Biaknak thlennak phhung le Biaknak a khatlomi i thitumhnak phung hna zong ser chuak an timh tik ah, Kawlram Bupi thlennak thatlei a panh ko rua tiah ruah a si ko bu ah lung awtawmnak tete a tam ko rih. Cucu, Zaukphung hlawhtlinnak le tlinlonak ah dawnkhantu a langhter tu thil tete an si.
Zaukphung Le Mahteuknak [Democracy & Federalism]; Chin Ramkulh Phungsertu
Zaukphung ah ramkomh i hruai ningcang a phunphun in a um. Tck. Kanmah Kawlram Bupi bantuk hi Unitary a si, USA khi Federal a si. Confederation cu Federal he tlawmpalte a dang deuh i mithiamsang tampi nih Canada le Belgium hi Confederation sinak an ngei tiah an ti. An tlamtlinnak le tlinlonak cu a dang cio dih. Asinain, kannih Kawlram Bupi cu atulio ramkulh Shan, Kachin, Chin, le Bama (Kawl) timi ramdirhtu ‘Pyidaung’ pawl nih kan ikomh lai tiah hnatlaknak in dirhmi ram a si. Cucu ramdirhtu ‘Pyidaung’ pawl ikomh ni cu Ramdirh Ni, ‘Pyidaungsu-neh’ (Union Day) tiah ah kan hman. Asinain, Federal ‘Pyidawngsu’ phung hi a takin hman a silo caah nihin ni tiang Tlangcungmi ral phunphun kan tho i dohthlennak kan tuah. Atu zong a cozah le tlangcung hriamtlaiphu kahngolnak le remdaihnak kong an ceihkhan cuahmah lio a si. Kannih Laimi (Chin) mi tam deuh zong nih cun Federal Uknakphung hi kan i thimmi cu a si.
Federal ramkomh ahcun Ramkulh cozah duhnak le herhnak kha tlinter ding in lungtlinnak a ngeimi a si. Asinain, a cheu ramrian biapi mi hna cu Rampi Cozah Nawlngeihnak le Hruainak (Central Power) tang ah chiah an si. Cucu, Ram pumpi runvennak (Defense), Ram dang he pehtlaihnak (International Treaties), Ram ngunkhuai (Federal Budget), thil le ca chuahlutnak (Postal Service) hna hi an si. Asinain, kannih Kawlram Bupi komh ahcun atu tiang ramkulh nih tuah khawhnak nawl an ngeihmi a tlawm tuk hringhran i, a cunglei (central power) nawlngeih le zulh lawnglawng an i tim kho rih!
Zaukphung ah Federal ramkomh vialte nih zulh dingmi rampi phunghram kha tialmi phungphai in (Written Constitution) fehter a si. Phunghrampi cu ramkulh cozah le ramkomh cozah karlak ah biahren bantuk a si. A cheukhat Zaukphung in aa hruaimi ram hna ah tialmi phunghrampi a ngei lo mi an um. Tahchunnak ah United Kingdom (England) hi tialmi phungphai a ngei lo. Asinain, vawlei cung ram tampi cu; Rampi (Union) Cozah le Ramkulh (State) cozah karlak ah a dangdang in nawlngeihnak an ngei veve ning le ram pumpi huap in tuanvo an ngeihnak kha phunghrampi (constitution) nih ttial in a tthen piak hna. Hi bantuk zulh in a hruaimi Zaukphung a cozah cu hlawhtlinnak an hmu. Asinain, a zul kho lomi Zaukphung cozah cu an rawk zau.
Kum 2008 Phunghrampi nih a chuahpi mi 2010 Thimnak in Chin Ramkulh in mizapi thimmi MP palai thutnak Amyotha Hluttaw (Upper House) MP palai thutnak (12) le Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House) MP palai thutnak (9), a zapi fonh MP palai thutnak (21) Kawlram Bupi Pyidaungshu Hluttaw (Parliament) ah kan ngei. Chin Ramkulh Cozah ah Phungsertu (Legislators) zapi fonh Ramkulh MP (18) le Ralkap aiawh MP (6) tiin MP (24) kan ngei. Mizapi nih thim baklomi Ralkap aiawh minung (6) telh chih in Chinmi nih Ramkomh MP (21) le Ramkulh MP in (18) phungsertu minung 45 Chinmi nih kan ngeih hna. Cun, Chin Ramkulh nih phung (41) a ser kho. Ngunkhuai phun 19 a kholh kho. Asinain, Kawlram Bupi ah ramkomh le ramkulh nih pahnih fonh in phungsernak nawl (concurrent powers) a um lo.
Biadonghnak
A donghnak ah a tawinak in vun char tthan ning law, Zaukphung uknak hi a tlangpi in cun aa khat ko nain, ram pakhat le pakhat hmanmi phung hi an i dannak tete a um. Zaukphung ah cun ram rorelnak le nawlngeihnak kha Mizapi kut cung ah, Direct in asiloah Mizapi aiawh thimmi palai hna nih an ngeih. Zaukphung uknak nihcun Mizapi zalonnak kha a runven i a dirpi. Zaukphung cu mitam deuh duhning in ram uknak phunglam i hruai ning kalpi a si ko nain pumpak le mitlawm deuh duhnak zong kha a upat tthiamtthiam i an covo kha a kilvengmi uknak phung a si. Zaukphung uknak nih Ramkomh Cozah Nawlngeih (central power) tuknak kha a doh, a hrial i Ramkulh (state) nawlngeihnak kha thazaang a pek. Mizapi duhning in kalpi khawhnak caah Ramkulh cozah kha thazaang a pek fawn. Zaukphung uknak i a rian biapi bik hna cu; nuhrin covo hrampi a simi zalongte in chimrel khawhnak, zalongte in biak khawhnak, phunghram tang ah thleidannak umlo in ram Mizapi kilvennak le ramkhelrian, zatlang hawikawmhnak le chawlehthalnak ah zalongte in tel khawhnak lam a pek. Zaukphung uknak nih zalongte in le a dikmi i thimnak kha Mizapi caah a tuah. Uknak phung nih hramhram in uktu nawlngeihnak le remkhel bu pakhat lawng nih ram kong ah nawlngeihnak kha a doh. Mizapi duhmi le Mizapi thimmi cozah a dirkamh.
Zaukphung cozah nih ram uknak phunghram ningte in ram le Mizapi hruai kha a dirpi. Ram Mizapi karlak ah pakhat le pakhat thleidannak umlo in ram phung nih ram Mizapi diklak kha runvennak a pek hna. Mizapi hna covo kha phungphai (laws) in a runven. Ram pakhat i zatlang nun phung le umtuning kha a langhter. Zaukphung nih Mizapi nunning kha a kalpi. Minung pakhat le pakhat i thleidannak le mibu pakhat le khat i lawhlonak kha a upat i hramhram phukhat duhnak le ruahnak lawng in ram a kalpi lo. Zaukphung uknak cu ram Mizapi nih covo an ngeih lawng siloin, ram uknak le ram kong ah i tel khawhnak ttuanvo zong an ngeih chih. Cu nihcun Mizapi covo le zalonnak kha a runven. Zaukphung uknak in a hruaimi mibu nih lungsaunak le intuar khawhnak, ttuanttinak, itheihthiamnak an upat i a dirpi. Zapi lung funtom khawhnak caah khat le khat i nawlpatnak le theithiamnak laak kha a kalpi ning a si fawn. Cucu a zungzal in a si khawh lo hmanh ah a Zaukphung nih a dirpi peng mi le a kalpi peng mi a si.
Asinain, kan nih Kawlram Bupi Zaukphung Thlennak a tuah cuahmahmi ahcun a cunglei kan langhtermi Zaukphung Hlawhtlinnak le Tlinlonak siseh, Zaukphung Muru siseh, Zaukphung i tahnak vialte he kan zoh tik ah thil tampi thlen rih a hau. Kawlram Bupi a thleng maw tiah cun a tampi a thleng ve sawh ko! Kut dong khiah in pakhat hnu khat kan rel a si ah cun relcawk hmanh a si ve men hnga lo. Nain, a ralaimi kum 2015 ram pumpi thimnak nih zeitlukdah thlennak a chuahpi tthan rih lai i thimnak lila hi tah a thianghlimmi, dikfelmi le thanhlei a ngei lomi a si taktak lai maw? Cun, ramkomh dirhtu sinak in, Tlangcung mivialte nih kan duhmi le kan khelmi kan tinco ding a simi mahte khuakhan lairelnak nawl cu tah zeitluk tiang dah ruahchannak (aamahkhaan) a kan pek khawh lai timi cu biahalnak le ruahloawk tha lo an si.
Cherhchan:
1. Zukphung by Salai SH Lian
2. India le Kawlram Political System: Lairam Cozah Vs Mizoram Cozah by Salai Van Lian Thang
3. ALTSEAN-BURMA; http://www.altsean.org/
4. Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar_2008
5. Others; TV News, Journal, Biaruahnak, etc..
Salai SH Lian
24102014
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