“Min a thumi nakin minthu lomi phu an ṭhawng deuh. Asinain, a cozah le minthu cangmi phu nih timhtuah ning tein an kalpi thluahmah ko cang…”
Biadomnak
Ramkomh cozah, Ralkap, Tlangcung hriamtlai phu cheukhat nih biatak tein ramkhel biaruahnak kong timhtuahnak le ceihkhannak an hun ngeih tik ah zoh a dawh ngaimi le a ṭha ngaimi a hun lo ko. Kan hnu kum October 15 ah Kawlram ramkomh cozah le tlangcung hriamtlai phu 8 nih Rampi huap kahngol hnatlaknak (Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement-NCA) minsen an thut nain a cheu hriamtlai phu nih an thu lo. A cheukhat tlangcung hriamtlai phu nih kahngolnak min an thut lo bantukin meithal thawng le kahnak thawng a dai lo. A ruang cu min a thumi tlangcung hriamtlai phu nih an ngeihmi ralkap nakin a thulomi nih an ngeihmi ralkap cu a tam deuh. A tlawm bik zatuak 80% tluk hi a cozah he minthutnak a tuah lomi nih an ngeihmi tlangcung hriamtlai phu fonh cu an si kho men. President Thein Sein cozah he kahngol minthutnak a tuahmi tlangcung hriamtlai phu cu minthutnak a tuah duh lomi he tahchun ahcun ralkap ṭhawngṭha taktak a ngeimi an si lem lo tiah chim khawh a si.
Rampi Kahngolnak Minthut
Atu bantuk in rampi huap kahngol hnatlaknak (NCA) min kan thut khawhmi hi a fawimi thil a si lo. A cozah le hriamtlai phu karlak ah suimilam a thong in ton biaruahnak kan ngeih khawh ruang le cu bantuk tonpumhnak nih khat le khat zumhngamnak a kan pek ruang ah kan tuah khawhmi a si tiah President Thein Sein ruahnakpetu Oxford sianginn chuak Thant Myint-U nih a rak chim bal. Cu bantuk biaruahnak a um khawh nakhnga caah, tlangcung hriamtlai phu kip nih anmah le pengkulh siloah ramkulh cio a cozah he a pakhatnak ah kahdaihnak min an rak thut hmasa. CNF zong nih Chin Ramkulh cozah he a voikhatnak cu 2012 January 5-6 ah biaruahnak an rak ngei i kahngolhnak min an rak thut. Cu hnu ah, Rangoon khualipi ah tonpumhnak pehzulh in an tuah. Cu bantuk in, CNF lawng si lo, tlangcung hriamtlai phu tampi zong nih anmah le ramkulh cozah he hnatlaknak min cu an rak thut cio. Nain, a thu duh lomi zong cu an um ṭhiam ve fawn. Cuticun, tlangcung hriamtlai phu kip nih minthutnak an ngeih hmasat hnu ah, a cozahpi le tlangcung hriamtlai phu vialte fonh in kum khat fai biaruahnak an ngeih hnu ah atu bantuk in rampi huap kahngolnak min an thut hi a si. Asinain, cu bantuk anmah lila nih kum khat fai an sersiammi cahran cung ah hnatlaknak minthut dingmi cu a duh lomi phu an rak um ṭhan hoi. Asinain, tlangcung hriamtlai phu an dihlak si loin a cheu nih cozah he cun an thut. Cu an thutmi cu rampi huap kahngol hnaltaknak (NCA) tiah an ti i Hluttaw ah fehter ṭhiamṭhiam a si.
A cheukhat remdaihnak kong ah rianṭuanmi nih an timi cu “October 15, 2015 ah remdaih sernak tlanglawngpi cu aa thawh cang. A cheukhat cu kaltak an si, nain a hnu ah zulh in fonh khawh an si ko. Nain, a cheukhat cu ramkhel biaruahnak tiang ah kaltak an si kho men” tiah an rak ti. An ti bantuk tein January 12, 2016 ramkhel biaruahnak (Peace Conference) an tuah tik ah, kaltak an si. Ramkhel biaruahnak hmun ah, ngiathlaitu sinak nawl lawng an ngei. Hriamtlai phu an sinak in zeihmanh an tuah khawhmi a um lo. Tlangcung ramkhel party le mizapi phu (civil society org.) bantuk sawh an si.
Kahngolnak Minthumi le Minthu Lomi Sining Zohfelnak
Aho poh nih kan theihning ah tlangcung hriamtlai phu 8 nih kahngolnak min an thut ti a si. Sile, aho te dah an si timi tawifiang in hun zoh tuah hna usih; minthumi phu lak ah a ṭhawng bik tiah ruahmi cu Karen National Union/Karen National Liberation Army (KNU/KNLA) ralkap thazaang 4000-5000 tluk a ngeimi an si i, kum 1949 thawk in hriamtlaih in dohthlennak a rak tuah cangmi phu an si. A upa bik an si tiah chim khawh a si. An hruaitu cu Gen. Mutu Say Poe a si. Asinain, an hruaitu Gen. Mutu Say Poe nih kahngolnak min a thut cangka in an phu chung ah lungthin le ruahnak ṭhencheunak a ummi zapi theih in a hung lang.
Cun, a dang phu khat zong Karen ṭhiamṭhiam an si. Kum 1994 ah a cung langhter cangmi KNU/KNLA in a chuakmi hriamtlai phu an si. General Khin Ngunt chan ah a cozah lei ah a rak taangmi Buddah Karen pawl an si. Atu ahcun, Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA) tiah an i ti. DKBA phu cu a taktak ahcun, a cozah dotu tlangcung hriamtlai phu siloin, KNU/KNLA dotu Karen hriamtlai phu an si. DKBA nih ralkap 3000-4000 tluk an ngeih lai tiah an ruahdamh. A dang pakhat zong cu thiam, KNU/KNLA ṭhiam in a chuakmi phu "Peace Council" pawl an si i, hriamtlai ralkap si lem loin, a cawlcangmi hi minung 50 tluk hmanh an ngei lo tiah tlangcung miphun kong ngiathlatu thiamsang nih an ti.
Cun, October 15, 2015 minthumi phu lak ah Shan ramkulh dirhṭhannak Ralkap (Restoration of Shan State Army-RCSS) aa tel i ralkap a tlawm bik 6000-7000 kar a ngei kho tiah an ti. Nain, Thai ramri ah khuasami phu an si i Thai cozah i a duhning in a ummi phu an si tiah soisel an tong. RCSS nih a hriamtlai phu kha Shan State Army (SSA) tiah min a pek. Asinain, kan ruah palh lo dingmi pakhat cu Shan Miphun in, Ramkomh Kawlram President pakhatnak simi Sao Shwe Thaike i a nupi Sao Nang Hearn Hkam nih a dirhmi Shan State Army (SSA) he cawhpolh lo ding hi a si. RCSS/SSA cu bing siangpahrang Khun Sa caah a rak cawlcang balmi hriamtlai phu zong an si. Cun, SSA taktak President Nupi nih a rak dirhmi cu ralkap 2000-3000 tluk an si, Shan ramkulh a laifang le Shan ramkulh chaklei ah hrambunh in an cawlcang. Cu SSA taktak cu kahngolnak min an thu rih ve lo. SSA taktak i, ramkhel le party lei a tlaitu cu, Shan State Progressive Party tiah 1971 rak dirhmi a si. Atu ah cun, SSPP/SSA tiah theih an si. SSPP/SSA cu Wa miphun hriamtlai phu he naihniam tein a cawlcangmi phu an si. SSPP/SSA cu Kawl Ralkap he 1989 ah kahdaih hnatlaknak a rak ngei cangmi an si. Nain, nai hrawng President Thein Sein nih remdaihnak tuah ding in a sawm hna hnu ah biatak tein a cozah ralkap nih an tuk ṭhan hna.
A dang remdaihnak minthumi phu 4 cu CNF bantukin ralkap zong ngei setsai ve lomi pawl deuh an si. Cu chungah, Pa-O National Organization/Army (PNO/PNA) in a chuakmi Pa-O National Liberation Army an si. PNO/PNA cu Kawl ralkap cozah he March 1991 ah kahdaih hnatlaknak a rak ngeimi phu an si. A cheukhat nih cun, hriamtlai phu tiah rel awk hmanh a tlaklo an ti. Hi hna pawl hi, hriamtlai phu an sinain ralkap an ngei lo tiah namneh deuhmi an si. Nain, ramkhel biaruahnak kong ah siseh, tlangcung hriamtlai phu pawl kong ah khuangkhangtu deuh an si.
Cun, Rakhine/Arakan minput in a dirmi Arakan hriamtlai phu an i tel ve. Asinain, zeitik hmanh ah Arakan (Rakhine) ramkulh ah umhmun an khuar bal lo. Kum 1972 ah KNU nih ukmi ramtang ah rak dirhchuahmi hriamtlai phu a si. An min cu, Arakan Liberation Party/Army (ALP/ALA) a si. Zultu le hriamtlai tlawmte lawng a ngeimi an si. ALP/ALA le Arakan Army (AA) tiah nai hrawng in hun theihmi hi aa khatmi an si lo. Cawh awk zong an ṭha lo. AA cu Kachin hriamtlai phu (KIO/KIA) kuttang in a hung chuakmi hriamtlai phu a si. Hriamtlai phu a thar an si ko nain, a ṭhawng ngaimi an si. Kan hnu kum chung, Kawl ralkap le Kokang hriamtlai phu tuknak le a dangdang Kachin ram tuknak ah KIA nih an hmanmi hna an si. October 15 minthumi lak ah aa telmi, hriamtlai lei in thazaang a ṭhawng lomi cu CNF/A an si. Annih kong cu fiang in chim a herh lai ka zum lo. Ralkap thazaang zeizahdah an ngeih timi hngalh a si lo. Nain, tlangcung hriamtlai phu vialte komh ah ramkhel biaruahnak ah hruaitu hmaisuang an si deuh zungzal. A donghnak ah, 1988 thawk in dirhmi Sianghleirun Siangnakchia hriamtlai phu (ABSDF) an si.
Rampi kahngolnak minthu lomi chung in cun, tlangcung hriamtlai phu ṭhawng deuh an i tel; Ralkap 20,000 leng a ngeimi United Wa State Army (UWSA) le a hawikom Shan in SSPP/SSA. KIA nih Ralkap 5000-6000 kar a ngeih fawn. Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) tiah theihmi Palaung miphun hriamtlai hi ralkap 3000 tluk an si ve. Cun, Kokang nih 1000-2000 karlak tluk a ngeih i, National Democratic Alliance Army-Eastern Shan State (NDAA-ESS) nih Kokang nakin a letkhat tam hrawng a ngeih.
UWSA, Kokang (MNDAA) le NDAA-ESS cu Communist Party Burma in 1989 ah a ṭhencheu in a chuakmi phu an si. An meithal le hriamhrai ngeihmi an ṭha. Tuluk nih a chuahmi meithal ṭha phun an hmang kho. Mah hi phu nih hin, Helicopter kahnak tiang hmanh an ngeih lai tiah ruahdamh an si.
Biadonghnak
A cunglei hriamtlai phu dirhmun zoh tik ah, a cozah thil tuahning hi khuaruahhar zong a simi a lo. Cucu, kum 60 leng a rau cangmi ram chung ral thawhnak daihter kan tuah an timi cu a si. Remdaihnak tuah kan thawk tiah an ti cangka in kahdaihnak a rak tuah cangmi phu cheukhat le cozah thar karlak ah buaibainak le kahdohnak a um colh. President Thein Sein cozah kai hnu in, kum 1994 ah kahdaihnak a tuah cangmi KIA le cozah ralkap karlak ah June 2011 thawk in biatakte in kahdohnak a hung um ṭhan. Russia nih tuahmi Helicopter tiang Kawl ralkap nih an hman phah. Kachin he lawng si loin a dangdang he zong an i kap. Kan theih dih bantukin, Kokang he biatak tein an i kah ruang ah Kokang mahte uknak hmun cu Ralkap Dengteo Uknak tang ah caan saupi an chiah. Cun, Shan le a dangdang he a thlite in an i kap lengmang. Culio celngel ah, khat lei ah kahdaihnak min an thut pah. A um bal rih lomi, Peace Conference hna zong a tuah. Nain, cu bantuk tuah khawh nakding timhtuahnak an ngeih chung ah a cheukhat hriamtlai phu cu kah le doh an tong peng ṭhiamṭhiam.
Cucaah, biahalnak in ka tuahmi tlangtaar “CNF Nih Minthutmi Hnatlaknak; Rampi Remdaihnak A Chuahpi Tak Lai Maw?” timi kan vun zoh ṭhan a si ah cun careltu nih nan fiang ko lai tiah ruahdamh khawh a si. Caṭialtu nih fiangphut in chim a hau ah ka ruat lo. Min a thumi nakin minthu lomi phu an ṭhawng deuh. Asinain, a cozah le minthu cangmi phu nih timhtuah ning tein an kalpi thluahmah ko cang. A voi khatnak ramkhel biaruahnak (Peace Conference) zong cu tlamtling tein an lim cang. Zeidah an ceihkhanmi a si zong a cheukhat cu fiangte in hngalh khawh a si. A bik in, a ralaimi ramkhel biaruahnak pehzulh in tuah dingmi ah zeitindah kan cawlcangh ning a si lai. Zeitindah hmai kan nor lai timi biahram domhnak phun deuh a si. Cucaah, CNF nih min a thutmi rampi huap kahngol hnatlaknak nih kan ram ningpi in remdaihnak a chuahpi taktak lai maw timi ah fawite in cun kan ram ningpi in cun a dai in a ṭha kho lai lo dah! Cucu, pakhat cio nih cuanh khawh le ruahdamh khawh a si, nain zeican dah a rauh lai timi cu hohmanh nih chim khawh a si fawn lo. Kum 5-10 zong a rauh khawh bantuk in kum 10-20 zong a rau kho fawn.
Cun zeidang nakin a biapi hngalh dingmi cu, CNF nih miphun ai-awh in hriamtlaih ramkhel an tuahmi cu Chin miphun ca ah a si. Cun, a dang nih a tlaimi zong anmah miphun ca cio ah a si. A fawinak in chim ah cun mah miphun ṭhatnak ca cio ah a si ko. Cucaah, a cheukhat nih an thut duhlo ruang ah tiah kannih zeihmanh vuivai ding a um in ka ruat lo. Hiti ka tinak cu ramkhel mit in ka chim ruang ah a si. Rampi daih i aho poh him tein um dih cu duh dih a si ko nain kan ram sining ah a si kho colh lo. Ka chim cang bantuk in mah miphun ramkhel (Political Interest) ca ah a si.
A donghnak ah, CNF nih a thutmi hnatlaknak nih rampihuap daihnak a chuahpi le chuahpi lo nakin a biapi deuhmi cu CNF nih Chin miphun ca ah an hmuitinh zohchih in zeibantuk hlawntlinnak dah an kan phorh, zeibantuk ‘Salu’ dah miphun ca ah an tlunpi timi a biapi. Cucaah, cu bantukin a biapimi le kan duhmi kan ngah khawh nakhnga caah cun, CNF lawng rinh awk an ṭha lo. Hmunhma dang, rianṭuannak dang, tuahmi dang le aa dang liangluanmi vialte kan zapi in kan ṭanrualṭi lawng ah kan duhmi kan ngah khawh lai.
Cherhchan;
Editor, (2012) Unofficial Translation of CNF-Govt Agreements at Union-Level Peace Talks, Chinland Guardian (Online) Available at <http://www.chinlandguardian.com/index.php/news/item/1463-unofficial-translation-of-cnf-govt-agreements-at-union-level-peace-talks>
Lintner, B. (2016) New Approach Needed for Genuine Peace in Burma, The Irrawaddy (Online) Available at <http://www.irrawaddy.com/commentary/new-approach-needed-for-genuine-peace-in-burma.html>
Biakilh: Hi capar cu Chin Digest Vol 2, No. 1 (February 2016) ah a rak chuak cangmi a si i, atu ah Online ah kan hun tar thanmi a si.
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